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WHAT'S ON THIS PAGE NAVIGATION BOX FEATURE: Great Books, Laurence; Sidebox: Laurence Cherniak -- A Biography (Of Sorts) & Seeding the Culture | COLUMN: Growing With Greenfinger | INSPIRATIONAL Use Contents Navigation Console | Go To Next Page (Page 6) |
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| PLAIN TEXT To have named them the Great Books was perhaps a trifle immodest. But they are great books. Laurence Cherniaks epic volumes of hashish and grass lore, his beautiful photographs, his travels and travails through the lands where the grass really is greener have become legendary. These are books -- all three of them -- that should be in every dope smokers library. In this tribute to both the man and the books, we give credit where credit is due. GREAT BOOKS, LAURENCE |
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![]() No one had ever taken photographs of high quality hashish with such obvious loving care. Indeed, no one had taken photographs of any hashish until Laurence Cherniak happened along. Taken from The Great Books of Hashish Vol 1 Book 1 the region and, of course, delicious pictures of the buds, plants and, in some countries, the hash produced |
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| . | ...But, really, when the first volume of the Great Books appeared on the new publications table of the Com- pendium Bookshop near Londons famous Camden Lock, it was a galvanising experience. Although the far off post-hippy days when books ![]() on cannabis could still be counted on the fingers of less than half a hand had gone, the appearance -- in 1979 -- of The Great Books of Hashish was a mind-waking, earth-shaking, ground-breaking publishing event. ...For a decade and more, publishers had been filling the yawning gap in |
. | . | everywhere in this City of Dreams, the newly arrived hippies would ease their weary feet and unburden their brains of the tales of their travels as we sat and took in all that colour in the market squares or hash cafés. ...For most of us reaching Kath-mandu had been a struggle against spiralling poverty, escalating dysentery and terrible bunions. Survival on the six month journey by foot and thumbed lift had left many of us as penniless as paupers but with some experiences we could never write home about. It was when one reached Kathmandu that the poverty got to be a problem. Staying in Nepal was a matter of keeping ahead of the police who constantly checked the papers of foreigners. But your papers were not the only thing they checked. At the same time they also checked your wallet to see if you had enough to offer them a bribe. And if you didnt . . . ...For many of us our deportation back to dear old Blighty or the US was one of the best bits of the whole trip. Deported in a convoy of buses and by train, it was a 24 hour party all the way to Delhi airport. Although the prospect of |
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| . | the cannabis book market with a multitude of volumes designed to entertain, inform or just fill space on your bookshelves. The Great Books of Hashish, however, was different. It was a volume of a new order. ...From its juicy cover picture -- now so well known that it has become an icon of the smoking culture -- of a pile of Nepalese royal temple balls to its elegant layout and erudite text, this was a class prod- uction. Indeed, so nicely produced was The Great Books of Hashish that it could be found adorning many a coffeetable in hip households at a time when coffeetables had not yet been elevated from their status as mere pieces of furniture. Among its many claims to fame, The Great Books of Hashish may well have been the prototype for that strange |
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through in cannabis lore. With an accom- panying text that takes in all the important aspects of growing includ- ing fertilisers and pests and picture captions that more than supplement the visuals, this is |
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genre of books designed primarily as decor. But, of course, it was not merely for looking at but for reading as well.
...And what a read. Truly a labour of love, this was a book on hashish by an enthusiast for enthusiasts. Never before had we read such informed and lovingly written text or
encountered such a glorification of the beauties of cannabis resin. As we joined Cherniak on his travels through Morocco, Lebanon, Afghanistan and Nepal, the world of hashish makers and making was miraculously revealed. This, as we could see from the extensively captioned photographs that accompanied the main text, was the real thing. And, boy, were we impressed.
...The Kathmandu experience is one to be cherished. In the exotic streets lined with wattle and daub buildings quietly flaking away in the clear, clean sunshine, the air was so full of the smells of alien cultures -- from the frying street foods of samosa and vada, from the temples and the houses burning incense to appease and propitiate the many Gods and Goddesses of Nepals strangely hybrid pantheon, of spices and herbs from the stalls and shops, of simple humanity and of cow dung -- that it was almost too much for the senses to handle. Bewitched, bemused and befuddled by the potent hashish available from, it seemed, just about |
. | . | tutting parents and po-faced Foreign Office civil servants was only moments away, we had seen and smoked the Goddesses, we had been to the high places where the earth and the sky merge, we had been reincarnated as the sons and daughters of Shiva, we had done the trail. And we had a stiff letter from the Foreign Office charging us several hundred pounds for our air ticket back home to prove it. ...For Laurence Cherniak the Kathmandu experience must have been similar (except less poverty stricken.) It would seem so from his descriptions of the city and the surrounding area. His stay was also longer than the authors. And he seems to have made the most of it. As Mr Cherniak explores the intricacies of hashish making in Nepal his love of the subject and the substance shines through in the intensely appreciative, almost devotional descriptions. Here are the famed photographs of the temple balls and royal Nepalese loaves. Here, too, are the warm and friendly faces of the makers and rubbers doing their thang for the American tourist with the camera. ...Browsing over the last chapters |
. | . | still one of best crash courses in growing we have seen. ...In another smooth transition, Mr Cherniak goes from photographs of only one-third of the American All-Star Stash featuring an impressively large collection of drugs, pipes and paraphernalia into another innovative photo-essay.
...Although the books final chapter on opium is a little out of sync with the ethos of the cannabis culture, it is a fine anthropological study of a hidden but significant part of society world wide. And, as such, constitutes yet another first for the diminutive Mr Cherniak. Once again Cherniaks wonderful photographs take the centre stage as he applies his detailed eye to the growing, production, processing and use of the lethal substance. While his pictures of opium and opium users are not as pleasant to look at as those of the less destructive substance we choose to use, they are stunningly original and dramatic.
...But we did have to wait. Not three years, or five years, not a decade but for seventeen years we waited. We had, of course, all but given up when news arrived of the imminent public-
...It is a shame, too, that the colour tones were not maintained between volumes. A somewhat garish and unsubtle extravaganza of primary colours and Photoshop filters, Book III was produced by Laurence Cherniak himself on his computer. And while we might associate with his delight in discovering that computers are wond- |
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| . | . | . | ![]() of his initial ouvre as he writes so fluently and evocatively about the place and the people is almost as good as having been there. The whole experience is there is the pictures and text. The smells, the tastes, the colours, the smoke. The whole thing. ...But, more significantly, enshrin- ed within the first volume of The Great Books of Hashish is the first and most beautiful pictorial description of the Nepalese art of hashish making. And therein, in part, lies the major portion of Laurence Cherniaks contribution to world knowledge. Although subsequently many have described the processes in far greater detail and with much more in-depth knowledge than Cherniak, his photographs say so much more. ...For many of us, The Great Books of Hashish; Volume One Book One became one of those cherished, well thumbed and frequently read volumes that was always to hand. For some it did, indeed, become the coffeetable book that we all loved to browse. ...On the assumption that, as the first book had been called Book One, there would be a follow-up volume we dashed out to the bookshop to order our copies. And we did not have that long to wait. By the middle of 1983 we had the second volume of the Great Books. The title we noted had somehow transmuted itself from Hashish to Cannabis. But we could hardly blame Cherniak for expanding his definitions. What more could one say about hashish than had been said in the first book? Subtitled, Marijuana Around the World, Sensimilla, Stash, Opium, we wondered if Mr Cherniak might, in some small way, have lost his focus. But the book did not disappoint. While it did not have the tightly defined focus of the volume on hashish or quite as many transcendental photographs, Book Two still had much going for it. And, in its own way, was as innovative as the previous tome had been.
...Indeed, in terms of the text it had much more info that the previous volume. In addition to a vast amount of cannabis legend and lore, the book contains a very readable and detailed partial history of cannabis. It is, however, rather disappointing that the author seems to have become bored with this not long before lunchtime. Having spent pages detailing the development of cannabis use from the year dot to 1226, the following four centuries get nary a mention and the 17th 18th and early 19th centuries are dismissed in just a page and half. And, just like you are reading Coffeehouse Culture, suddenly it is the 60s. But, losing that vital focus even more, the history gives way to the polemics and the information to opinion. |
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. | . | proper -- from page 216 to 229 -- with its wonderful microscopic photographs of buds and their constituent parts that is, perhaps, the most exciting. As one of those in the vanguard of micro-scopic photography of grass plants, Laurence Cherniak again breaks new ground with his high magnification pictures of trichomes and the sparkly bits we dont usually see. ...It is perhaps an unfortunate error in judgement that the second largest section of the book, the 23 pages right at the end, is given over to the most outrageous bit of self-promotion we have seen in many a long year. It does not look good for the authors self-image that he has to puff himself so excessively. Does he not feel, as do his many admirers (including the editor of Coffeehouse Culture), that his contribution to the culture is very clearly seen in his work? While we can all understand a desire to promote and sell the books and products by which he makes his living, 23 pages is just a bit over the top. Isnt it? ...But that does not detract from the book itself. Once again we are treated to a feast of pictures as we skim round the world taking in such places as Christiana and dear old Amsterdam. Although there are many great photographs, the book is generally let down by Cherniaks over busy design. There are many pages where the images are so densely layered that they assault the eye leaving it shrivelled and tearful. But, thankfully, there are few words to read, just some short captions, in this predominantly pictorial volume. (For computer buffs who would like to see the many interesting effects that can be achieved on grass leaves with Photoshop filters, Mr Cherniaks book is one that will be an invaluable time-saver.) ...More than ever, through its absence of substantial text, a coffeetable book, the third of the Great Books still has much to recommend it. In our opinion as good a writer as he is a photograph- er, Laurence Cherniak supplies interesting and informative captions but not much more. When, on the subjects of smuggling and cooking and in the idiosyncratic introduction (Midnight Express revisited), he does put pen to paper (or finger to keyboard) the info comes pouring out. But there is far too little of it to stop the book getting flagged. ...Without doubt the third book of Volume I of The Great Books of Hashish should be in everyones collection -- alongside the first two volumes. Somewhat deficient though it might be, it still makes an inestimable contribution to defining and expanding understanding of the culture that has grown up around the use of cannabis. If, as would seem to be the case, Mr Cherniak is intent on producing the definitive anthropological study of the cannabis culture, his mission is going well. ...And, it is loudly proclaimed on an early page of the newest volume, there is more to come. Book IV, it says, the first book in Volume II, will be released in the year 2000, not to mention books V and VI. But, whilst the end of 2002 approaches, we havent seen any sign of book IV, we do know Laurence Cherniak to be a man of his word. ...Even if there were no further books, Laurence Cherniak has made his contribution to the dope culture and the world. And what a massive one it is. Even without his garish self-promotion, he, his books and his photographs have become icons of the cannabis culture. Coffeehouse Culture, therefore, honours the great work done by Laurence Cherniak to further the understanding of and knowledge within this culture. Good on ya, Laurence. PLAIN TEXT TOP OF PAGE We would like to thank Laurence Cherniak, Leon Winnick and Alan Dronkers for their help in prepar- ing this article. |
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| . | . | . | plants get the clear water that washes out any stale chemicals in the growing medium and cleans up the taste of the grass. Once again, Amsterdam growers have the best of all possible world. Right there on the shelves of every grow shop are a range of fertilisers to suit every taste. (Dr DAth comments: Drinking fertilisers can be very nutritious. However, the absence of roughage makes for some significant digestive problems. Not to mention the brown pee. Dont do it. Thats my advice.) It doesnt matter whether you go for chemicals or biological fertilisers, powders or solutions, you can be assured that every bottle and packet on the shelf has been developed specifically for growing grass. Although there are many preparations for use during the vegetative cycle, most growers here go for Fishmix. Rich in easily assimilated nitrogen and many of the trace elements necessary for good leaf development, in Fishmix the concentration of nitrogen is low enough that it is virtually impossible to over fertilise the plants. The most crucial thing in this equation and, perhaps, the one thing that could be called an Amsterdam secret is the emphasis growers here place on pH. Everyone knows that pH is a measure of acidity. Everything has a pH value, your skin, soil, water, everything. A neutral pH means that the acid and alkaline elements are in balance. A plus value indicates a higher acid content and a minus value more alkaline. Although pH has wide ranging effects in different situations (if your skin pH is too low, for example, soap will not produce a lather,) in a growing environment it is an extremely potent influence. In order for grass plants to take up nutrients efficiently (and if you want the largest plants they need to be well fed,) they require a pH reading of between 5.5 and 6.5. Above or below that narrow range and the plants do not take up the nutrients provided in the water. Indeed, too high a pH and the plants will not even assimilate the minerals in clean water. It is hardly surprising that Amster-dam growers are obsessed by pH. The usual pH value of tap water here is in the 8 to 9 range, which is way out of whack for grass plants. Every Amsterdam grower owns a pH meter and solutions to move the pH values up and down and every bucket of water is tested. Nutrients are always added to the water before testing as they can have an effect on the pH. With the pH value in the correct range, the plants are capable of taking up almost all of the vital nutrients in the solution. It is, therefore, important to give them the maximum they can handle but no more. To ensure that the right concentration of nutrient is added to the water, growers use an EC meter. This measures the electrical conductivity of the water, which is effected by the electro-chemical reactions of the various compounds used as fertilisers. No grower in the Netherlands would be without these two vital tools. The most costly part of any growroom is usually the air control system. In addition to a substantial system to vent hot and stale air from the growing chamber, an input fan is necessary to bring in fresh air and one or more circulation fans will be required to stop the humidity rising too high. Temperature is a perennial problem for growers. In the summer growrooms get far too hot and in the winter, if you are in Holland, they are far too cold. Although the largest extractor fans will deal with light-generated heat, when the weather is hot, the air coming into the chamber is often warmer than that going out. Under those circumstances, many growers find it worthwhile to invest in a portable air conditioning unit. For heating that chilly growroom there is nothing better than a simple paraffin heater. Although they have to be checked and maintained on a regular basis, they have the added bonus of discharging a high level of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which is very beneficial to the plants. With so many factors playing a part in the grass equation, it is hardly surprising that growshop advice tends towards the bland. Everyone of the problems a grower might encounter in creating and maintaining his growing environment has at least a few solutions. Being a grass grower is not just a matter of putting a seed into soil and nurturing it. The Amsterdam grass grower is a combination of botanical technologist, electrical engineer and horticulturist. So asking the right question will usually get you the right answer. But it will be the long answer and how right it is may well depend on how much it all costs. In the final analysis, the growing of great grass requires a high level of dedication, a lot of knowledge, an eye for detail, a lot of energy and a billfold to fund the whole thing. Take care of all the details and you will grow grass that is among the best there is. It is all in the details. All of them. So, thats Fester Greenfingers advice for this issue -- take care of ALL the details. If you do that Cyber Growcubs, I can assure you that you will be pleased and proud to pass out in front of your friends. Just one thing, on your way down mention that your grass came to the world with the help of Fester Greenfinger. If enough of you say it, maybe I will get invited back on to Gardeners Question Time. And now, garnnn wi ya. Cause I got some pottin to do. PLAIN TEXT TOP OF PAGE |
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| . | PLAIN TEXT GETTING DOWN TO THE DETAILS |
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| . | Go mornin, art'a'noon or evnin, Cyber Growcubs. Its Fester Greenfinger here with some new medication and a few tips for all you naughty growers out there. Before we start getting our fingers dirty, maybe I should tell you what this column is about. I wouldnt want any of you to get hold of the wrong end of the dibbing stick. What I want you to know is what this column will not be. The one thing it will not be is a crash course in growing. There are plenty of good books out there for those of you who are new to the field, as it were. No, I am expecting that most of the people who read this column will have some experience of growing. If you havent, I would suggest that you go away and read a few books, grow a few plants and then come back. See you in two years. |
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| . | So thats got rid of all the amat-eurs. Now, we seasoned old sons of the sod (or is it sods of the son?) can get down to talking business. What I figure is this. Here I am in Amsterdam, home of the great-est grass in the world, and there you are somewhere else. I am surrounded by growshops, coffeeshops, expert growers and cannabis biogeneticists and you are more than likely surrounded by policemen. What can I give you (apart from a bail bond) that you would not have access to elsewhere? Well, of course, it has to be Amsterdam expertise. Only in Amsterdam have people had the opportunity to really experiment and develop the techniques of growing great grass. Isnt that why Amsterdam grass is so renowned? When it comes to growing grass Amsterdam is the fount of all knowledge. Evidence of it is everywhere -- the coffeeshops have the end product and the growshops have examples of the plants in all stages of maturity. The Netherlands is a country with a strong horticultural tradition. Flowers and plants for garden centres, supermarkets and corner shops are among the countrys largest exports. The Dutch understand plants and have a passion and a special skill when it comes to growing them. The tulip fields of Holland are not a myth. For about six weeks in the late spring, as you fly into Schipol airport, the fields below are like a box of watercolour blocks. It is not so much beautiful as impressive. Extend this tradition and the passion that fires it to a plant that is worth getting passionate about -- grass -- and sparks are almost certain to fly. Although the expertise is clearly there, it is like the rumble of an underground stream in a rocky and waterless terrain. You know it is there but getting to it is not easy. If you want to find out about grass, the place to start is the growshops. But, like getting water out of a stone, extracting the right information from the guys in the growshops is some-thing of an art. If you ask the right questions, youll get the right answers. But if you dont ask you will probably get the tourists guide to growing, a collection of bland and non-specific grow tips that can be useful but are more designed to suggest how easy it is than the realities. So what are the realities? Despite the fact that the cannabis plant is the most prolific and environmentally adaptable weed on this planet, it is no breeze to grow it. Sure one can stick a few seeds in a pot and see what happens. A plant will almost certainly grow and produce smokable grass. And, in the right climate, with plenty of sunshine, youll get grass that is much more than smokable. What you end up with, of course, depends on what you started with. Different seed strains develop in different ways. And only a few strains naturally develop the large, dense and sticky buds that are characteristic of sensimilla skunk. And then only under the right conditions. Grass is a sunshine greedy botanical glutton, certainly if it is going to be for smoking, and climate plays a major part in its natural, outdoor growth. Holland, of course, does not have an outdoor climate that is suited to producing sensimilla plants (or anything more adventurous than mildew) without greenhouse protection. Depending on the plant genus and type of seed, sensimilla buds need a short but warm and sunny daylight period and a well-above freezing 12 hour period of darkness. In northern climes, by the time the seasons have done their thing, the days are grey and dim and the nights are very cold to freezing. Not what grass plants need at all. Knowing that the production of high quality smoking grass depended on two main factors -- the seed and the environment -- gave Dutch growers a clear focus. Some of them became the breeders who established the first seed banks. To them fell the lot of developing the right seed stock for growth in Holland. A highly skilled and time consum-ing job of selecting plants within which desirable characteristics are strongly represented and cross breeding them with plants that possess other desirable qualities, this is the basis of bio-genetics. The hybrid seeds that were produced were a quantum leap ahead of the traditional genus. They produced the buds for which Amsterdam has be- come so renowned -- the long, TOP OF COLUMN |
. | . | fat, sticky, dense, potent and very smelly heavily budded skunks that have become the industry standard in high quality world-wide grass growing. Having the seed was only half of the basic equation, however. To get the seeds to perform to type, it was necessary for them to grow in the right conditions. With a climate like Hollands, there was little alternative but to concentrate on indoor growing. With a horticultural industry that had already invested heavily in the development of indoor grow systems, the knowledgebase was already in place. And, as the earliest marijuana grow-books had shown, indoor environments could produce grass of the very highest quality. Even in the sub-arctic temperatures of Alaska, grass could be grown that resembled the best that Afghanistan or Mexico could produce. Or could have produced if they had only had the expertise, taken the care and had worked at it hard enough. If many growers could not stick their seeds in mother earth and let them grow to rich and glori-ous floration as God intended, they could create their own gardens of Eden. Indoors. In such a garden, where every aspect of the environment is controlled, it was possible to create the ideal conditions for the growth of supremo quality grass. But -- and here comes reality -- it is simply not that easy. To produce the highest quality grass every environmental factor has to be carefully set up, tweaked, monitored and maintained. We think about the conditions for growing things as being fairly simple -- a little soil, a little water, sunshine and moderate temperatures. Simple. Easy peasy. But is not quite that simple. Outside not only are these factors extrem-ely variable but there are other less obvious but equally im- portant ones to contend with. The most significant of these is air quality. In an outside envir-onment, plants are constantly supplied with the fresh air they require for photosynthesis. But that is not all. There are the climatic factors -- wind, rain and seasonal temperature variation -- that also have a significant impact. Whilst all the factors that cont-ribute to the ideal grass grow-ing environment are perfectly controllable, there are a lot of them The first requirement of any growroom is space. Plants need space. Whether they are grown as low level single bud shelf plants or a singly-potted fully developed Mothers, they still need space. Although the tightly packed shelved systems need a lot less space, they still need more than one would expect. But, whilst the crop they produce is far less variable in bud size than larger plants, the yield per metre is also considerably less. So the first rule of growing is: Give your plants enough room. The most obvious and easy factor to accommodate appears to be soil. But, even here, the path is fraught with hidden pitfalls. It is a well known part of the grass ethos that the plants grow anywhere. In sandy, dry, arid, rocky, deso-late conditions, you will find grass growing if not flourishing. Under these conditions, however, starved of the vital nutrients they need to thrive, the plants will not produce large buds. Such plants will be stunted and sparsely leaved. And, for a plant to support large buds, it needs to be sturdy and have the strong densely-leaved limbs that come with good nutrition, the right amount of water and the right drainage. There are, for growers of grass in Holland, a wide range of specialist soils and other growing mediums in the shops. You pays your money and you takes your choice. For those less fortunate, it is best to go for a simple mix of not too rich potting compost and a drainage agent like perlite or sand. Although some opt for enriched soils, such growing mediums can be too rich or acidic for the delicate fibrous root mass of hemp plants. And it is easier to work out and start a nutrient regimen if the nutrients are going into a growing medium that has a low natural nutrient content. When it comes to feeding their plants, most growers fertilise throughout the whole growth and flowering cycle. Only for the last week or so will the TOP OF COLUMN |
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